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Journal of Tropical Life Science : International Journal of Theoretical, Experimental, and Applied Life Sciences

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Published by Universitas Brawijaya

ISSN : 20875517 EISSN : 25274376 DOI : -

Core Subject : Agriculture, Social,

Agriculture, Biological Sciences & Forestry Environmental Science

The Journal of Tropical Life Science (JTLS) provides publication of full-length papers, short communication and review articles describing of new finding or theory in living system, cells and molecular level in tropical life science and related areas. The journal publishes articles that report novel findings of wide Tropical Life system phenomenon in the areas of biodiversity, agriculture, fisheries, health, husbandry, forestry and environmental technology. JTLS has 1 volume with 3 issues per year.

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Articles 15 Documents

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Search results for , issue "Vol 8, No 3 (2018)" : 15 Documents clear

In vitro Studies on Pollen Viability, Pollen Germination and Pollen Tube Growth of Hornstedtia conoidea Ridl. â€“ a Philippine Endemic Ginger Species Mendez, Noe Polo; Acma, Florfe Macabudbud
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Zingiberaceous plants are predominantly propagated through underground rhizomes and seeds. In this study, the viability of pollen, rate of pollen germination and length of pollen tube of the Philippine endemic Hornstedtia conoidea were examined. Four petri plates containing pollen samples were prepared, of which two petri plates were used immediately after the collection, while the other two petri plates were stored for one week. The determination of pollen viability was made employing stain tests using IKI (iodine + potassium iodide) solution and safranin and measured immediately after the collection and after one week. Likewise, pollen germination test was carried out in vitro on agar medium and measured after 24 hours and one week of incubation. Data revealed that pollen viability was higher in the samples which were sown immediately with safranin with percentage pollen viability of 92.43%, while IKI test was lower with 89.36%. On the other hand, the pollen stored for one week measured 47.29% for safranin test and 33.14% for IKI test. The percentage germination of pollen after 24 hours was 72.65%, while 11.13% after one week. The pollen samples which were subjected for tube growth were examined for two weeks and gave positive results. Overall, it can be concluded that H. conoidea pollen can successfully be collected and stored for certain time. Knowledge regarding the pollen viability, pollen germination and pollen tube growth of this species will give practical benefit for plant breeding and conservation purposes, since H. conoidea is found in the wild, and as of now, the species has been recorded only in the Philippines.

Date Fruit Extract (Phoenix dactylifera, Ajwa) Modulates NK Cells and TNF- Alpha in DMBA-Induced Mammary Cancer Sprague-Dawley Rats Elhemeidy, Rehab Mohammed Mustofa; Lyrawati, Diana; Widjajanto, Edi
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.04

Cellular immune system is one of anti-tumor target development. NK cells, one of major components of antitumor innate immune responses, are frequently decreased functionally during breast cancer progression, whereas TNF-alpha changes from anti-tumor into pro-tumorigenesis and its level increases with advancing cancer. In this study, we investigated the immunomodulatory effects of Ajwa date fruit extract to determine whether it stops the progression of breast cancer. Using rats induced with single dose 20 mg DMBA subcutaneously, we examined whether administration of Ajwa date fruit (Phoenix dactylifera) extract (at 400, 800 mg/kg body weight/d) post-DMBA induction for 30 days modulate NK cells, TNF-alpha, and development of breast cancer. ELISA, FACS, immunohistochemistry, and histologic observation were employed. Compared to positive control group (DMBA-induced only), we showed that the Ajwa date fruit extract normalize the level of circulatory CD161 NK cells and breast tissue TNF-alpha, cell size and proliferation, and improve overall survival rates. Ajwa date fruit extract may be used to modulate NK cells and TNF-alpha against progression of breast cancer. Further studies are required to develop date fruit extract as anti-cancer in human, whether as single or adjunct therapy to standard management of breast-cancer.

The Autecology of Genus Dischidia (Asclepiadaceae) in Bangka Island: Characteristics of Vegetation and Abiotic Environmental Factors Affecting Abundance Hajari, Yuliani; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini; Ariyanti, Nunik Sri
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Dischidia is an epiphytic plant, it is used as herbal medicine and has economic value. In addition, Dischidia also has an ecological function. Moreover, some species of Dischidia are endemic in a particular region. Various forest types occur in Bangka Island serves as natural habitat for this epiphytic plant. This research aimed to record the diversity and abundance of Dischidia and analyze those environmental factors which affect its abundance. The research was conducted in August â€“ September 2016 at Bangka Island. Three plots of 20 Ã— 20 mÂ² were placed with a minimum interval of 50 m in the habitat where Dischidia are found. The species diversity and abundance of Dischidia as well as abiotic factors such as temperature, humidity, light intensity, wind speed, and altitude were recorded in these plots. The vegetation structure was analyzed based on index of diversity, index of dominancy and index of evenness. Data on the environmental condition and abundance of Dischidia were then analyzed using Canonical Correspondence Analysis (CCA) method with Canoco 4.5 software. Five species of Dischidia were found in Bangka Island that are Dischidia bengalensis, Dischidia imbricate, Dischidia nummularia, Dischidia rafflesiana, and Dischidia hirsute. Dischidia is found in 14 species of host plants. D. imbricate (23 individual plants) occurred in the heath forest at Pejem showed the highest abundance. Epiphytic fern plants, the Asplenium nidus (27 individual plants), was the dominant epiphytes found in the host tree of Dischidia The CCA showed that light intensity, temperature and humidity influenced the abundance of Dischidia.

ANATOMICAL CHARACTERS USED FOR DEFINING FIVE SPECIES OF NEPENTHES FROM BANGKA BELITUNG ISLANDS, INDONESIA Rizqiani, Sakina; Ariyanti, Nunik Sri; Sulistijorini, Sulistijorini
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Anatomical structures may vary among the species of Nepenthes. Therefore, the anatomical characters apparently could be used for supporting the morphological characters in identifying species. This study aimed to seek a valuable anatomical character for identifying and defining five species of Nepenthes occur in Bangka Belitung Islands. Samples of leaves, pitchers and its lids of Nepenthes gracilis, Nepenthes mirabilis, Nepenthes ampullaria, Nepenthes rafflesiana, and Nepenthes reinwardtiana were collected and prepared for paradermal and transverse section of microscope slides. The results showed that the anatomical characters of the leaves, pitchers and lids from these five species of Nepenthes could be used for differentiating five species Nepenthes observed. The absence of nectary gland at the abaxial of pitcher lids of N. gracilis and N. ampullaria separate them from others species. The leaf epidermis of these two species have different cell wall. The length of lunate cells at the inner surface of upper half pitchers are comparable for identifying the pitchers of N. mirabilis from those of N. reinwardtiana. The presence of crystal at the parenchymal tissue of pitcher differentiate N. rafflesiana from the four others. In this research, the identification key for Nepenthes from Bangka Belitung Islands based on the anatomical character was presented.

ASSESSMENT OF RIPARIAN VEGETATION PATTERN ALONG ALISTA HILLY RIVER BASIN Parmawati, Rita; Rokani, Lutvita Erya; Yakub, Arham; Riarmanto, Arief Kurnia; Pertiwi, Maya; Hidayat, Herman; Kurnianto, Agung Sih
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.05

Riparians are undergoing extensive reductions and changes in their natural composition into agricultural and urban area. The relationship between the vegetation distribution pattern and the riparian topography factor has been assumed to typically represent a biome-specific or vegetation-specific constant. This study aim is to analyze the vegetation distribution pattern with topography along Alista river in Dau District, Malang. We surveyed 3 stations that represent a zone of edge gradient between the river and the mainland: levee, mid-flood, and slough. We used the wetland classification (Obligate - OBL; Facultative Wetland-FACW; Facultative Upland (FACU); and Upland (UPL) for each species found from various sources. we observed that facultative upland plants have a broad dominance. Mid-floodplain and slough dominated by typical upland species. Although Levee widely consisted of by upland plants, this area has one distinctive obligate species: Equisetum. The presence of OBL species in the levee and mid-floodplain indicate the area is receiving more frequent floods than other areas.

Antimicrobial Production by an Actinomycetes Isolated from The Termite Nest Krishanti, Ni Putu Ratna Ayu; Zulfina, Deni; Wikantyoso, Bramantyo; Zulfitri, Arpiwi; Yusuf, Sulaeman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (497.087 KB)

Actinomycetes are Gram positive bacteria that have been detected in diverse ecological niches. Their member species are known to be a main source of various bioactive compounds. The discovery of Actinomycetes from diverse and unexplored resources has also been linked to increased opportunities to obtain novel bioactive compounds. Insect nest material is being investigated as a new source of novel antimicrobial producing Actinomycetes, which could be harnessed for therapeutic potential. A total of 10 Actinomycetes isolates were collected from the nest of Nasutitermes sp. in Pananjung Pangandaran Nature Reserve. These isolates were evaluated for antimicrobial activity against the challenge bacteria (Eschericia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Serratia Marcescens) and fungi (Fomitopsis palustris, Fusarium oxysporum, Trichoderma viridae) by dual culture method. The result revealed that several isolate were active against fungi and bacteria. Isolate Pn-TN2 showed the highest level of antibacterial inhibition and the highest antifungal inhibition with Inhibition Rate value more than 80%. By morphological and 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis strongly suggested that the isolate Pn-TN2 belonged to Streptomyces prasinopilosus. We suggested that termite nest is a potential source of bioactive strains of cultivable Actinomycetes for future biotechnological needs.

Linking Zoopharmacognocy with Ethnomedication, An Evidence Base from Sebangau National Park, Central Kalimantan Indonesia Panda, Adventus; Gunawan, Yohanes Edy
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.15

The ability of animal to perform self-medication has been studied decades, as well as their relationship with medication practices by communities. Long-term observation of Orangutans' behaviour (Pongo pygmaeus wurmbii), by communities surround Sebangau National Park, has suggested as their modes to today ethno-medication practice. The study was aimed to study the relationship of Orangutans self-medicate behavior with ethno-medication practice, in Sebangau area. The research was conducted in Punggualas, SNP, from 29 April to 03 October 2017. A number of 13 traditional healers (TH) from Karuing (n = 4), Baun Bango (n = 4), and Jahanjang (n = 5) have been interviewed. All plants are listed and photograph. Plants parts, and their mechanism of utilization were also kept for record. Meanwhile, the behavior followed the Orangutan protocol, with focus on their feeding behavior. All data were analyzed descriptively, while the relationship was analyzed using chi-square and F test. We have recorded a total 131 plants at various life forms, in Baun Bango (n = 59), Jahanjang (n = 41), and Karuing (n = 21). Plants that were found similar among three villages, removed, were only 95 left. We observed one female, showing the ability to perform self-mediaction. It is characterized by selectively choosing young leaves of Mezzetia sp., pulp of the Dyera lowii and Ilex cymosa, and lastly chew the entire leaves of Belang Handipek. It suggests a form of prevention against fatigue conditions, and the combination of these three plants species assume to be relating to fitness. This study shows that there is a relationship between the plant part used by the traditional healer and the orang- utan (x2 = 43,887; n = 115, df = 11, p-value = 0.0000), the relationship between the use of plant parts utilized by the traditional healer and orangutans (x2 = 15, 647; n = 50, df = 8, p-value = 0.0000). Furthermore, there is a relationship between the practice of traditional healer treatment using plant parts and Orang-utan (F1, 113 = 230.158; p-value = 0,000). The study urges to isolate secondary metabolites for further investigation, especially in terms of phyto-pharmacy.

Distribution and Attachment of Bryozoans in the Intertidal Region of South Andaman Island Naufal, Mohammed; Pathan, Anil; Jayaraj, Kaderambil Arjunan
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Aiming to collate the distribution and the attachment preference of intertidal bryozoan of Andaman waters, a study was carried out in three intertidal sites (Burmanallah, Kodiyaghat, and Chidiytapu) of southeastern coasts of the Andaman Islands between June and August 2016. The present study is the first exclusive report on bryozoans from the Andaman Islands after a long research gap of nine decades. During our investigation, a total of twelve genera were identified from both calcareous and non-calcareous substratum. Out of the twelve genera, eight genera were new records from the island. The present study showed that the attachment affinity of the Bryozoans is more towards natural substratum particularly on the rocks. The Thalamoporella sp. reported the most abundant species with maximum average colony length of 3.5 cm from the rock substratum.

Exotic Epiphytes on Tree Ferns in Cibodas Botanical Gardens: The Importance of Light Preferences and Host Characteristics Junaedi, Decky Indrawan; Nasution, Taufikurrahman
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | DOI: 10.11594/jtls.08.03.06

The study of exotic epiphytes on tree ferns is relatively scarce. Biological invasion of exotic epiphytes may imply negative consequences to native epiphytes and tree ferns, which are important components in tropical mountainous rainforest ecosystems. This study surveyed exotic epiphytes on tree ferns in Cibodas Botanical Gardens (CBG) and adjacent forests next to CBG. The objectives of this study are: a) to conduct inventory study of exotic epiphyte species on tree ferns, b) to examine how different these exotic epiphytes from each other based on their micro-climate preferences, c) to conduct invasive risk assessment of those exotic epiphytes, and d) to model the effect of environmental factors and host (tree ferns) characteristics to the occurrence of exotic epiphytes on tree ferns. We conducted multi-dimensional analysis to examine how different these exotic epiphytes based on their micro-climate parameters. We used Weed Risk Assessment (WRA) framework to estimate the invasion risks of surveyed exotic epiphytes. We performed Bayesian logistic regression to test the correlation between environmental and host characteristics and the occurrence probability of exotics epiphytes on tree ferns. We found 13 exotic epiphyte species on two native tree ferns species (Cyathea junghuhniana and Cyathea contaminans). Multidimensional analysis showed that Axonopus compressus is very different from other exotic epiphytes due to its environmental preferences. Ageratina riparia and Clidemia hirta were exotic epiphytes with the highest invasion risks. Therefore, we suggested that A. riparia and C. hirta are more likely to become invasive and may contribute significant impacts to native ecosystems. Lastly, the presence of Austroeupatorium inulaefolium as exotic epiphytes in tree ferns negatively correlated with the host height. Further study is needed to incorporate biological traits of the exotic epiphytes and more specific environmental parameters such as light chromatic quality in to the exotic epiphyte occurrence model. This study provides evidence for the existences of exotic epiphytes on tree ferns. The result of this study may also indicate that host characteristics and micro-climate factors could play important roles to inhibit the occurrence of exotic epiphytes on tree ferns.

Ameliorative Effect of Infused Watercress on Rat Galactopoiesis following Maternal Separation Hartantyo, Rahadian Yudo; Erlitaningsih, Ucik; Gerald, Jeremia; Sari, Indah Permata; Fitria, Laksmindra; Mulyati, Mulyati
Journal of Tropical Life Science Vol 8, No 3 (2018)
Publisher : Journal of Tropical Life Science

Show Abstract | Download Original | Original Source | Check in Google Scholar | Full PDF (216.566 KB)

Galactopoiesis is the maintenance of milk production. The process that regulated primarily by prolactin hormone. The research was conducted to evaluate galactopoiesis activity by measuring prolactin level and milk production continuity of lactating rats after oral administration of infused watercress. Twenty lactating rats were randomly divided into five groups (two control groups and three variations of infused watercress dose groups). Serum prolactin was measured using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Milk yield was measured using indirect milk measurement method by Sampson and Jansen. Milk protein level was measured using Kjedahl method. The treatment of infused watercress (10 g/kg body weight), started from postnatal day 3 until 12, indicated ameliorative effect on rat galactopoiesis by increasing milk yield and prolactin levels, but not milk total protein.

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